This essay explores the argument that all cultural forms and practices are inherently ideological, functioning to uphold capitalist structures and sustain power dynamics that favor certain groups. Drawing on Marxist theory, Althusser’s ideological state apparatus, and Gramsci’s concept of hegemony, it examines how the family, education system, and media contribute to reinforcing capitalist ideology. The family instills societal norms, the education system legitimises meritocracy and economic competition, and media perpetuates consumerism and ideological consent. Through these mechanisms, individuals internalise ideological messages, shaping their perceptions of reality in ways that benefit the capitalist economy. Ultimately, the essay contends that culture is inextricably linked to ideology, as financial gain and social control remain central to its function.
Grade: First Class
Degree: Sociology BA (Hons)
Includes Bibliography
Module Title: Modern Culture
Word Count: 1500
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