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KS4 lesson for Unit 2: Athens at War in the 5th Century BCE, from the OCR Classical Civilisation GCSE. The lesson objective is an in-depth study of the structure and organisation of the Athenian army in the 5th Century BCE, looking at the different types of soldiers, how they were paid and why democracy and war began to become intertwined.

Accessible for all ability groups and the resources are easily differentiated for more and less academically able students.

This lesson includes…

• 9 x [1] mark Qs for starter, recapping previous unit on Sparta at War
• Study of Athens in 5th Century BCE context.
• Homework/research task on the keywords and individuals for this unit, with a separate answers document.
• Table and colourful poster task, with visuals, on the payment, hoplites, light-armed soldiers, cavalry and command of the Athenian army. Includes extension task focusing on study of the source of Aeschylus’ Persians and a practice exam-style question.
• Three [2] mark practice exam-style questions, with answers, for students to use the tables from their previous task to help them complete.
• Focused study of the prescribed visual source: South frieze of the Temple of Athena Nike, on the Athenian Acropolis, 420s BCE.
• Exit “would you rather” plenary.
• Optional recap/recall Athenian army practice exam-style questions.
• Optional poster and map activity, with linked video resource, to provide contextual knowledge of the Greco-Persian Wars as a whole.
• Optional mindmap activity, with linked video resource, comparing the civilisations of Athens and Sparta in 5th Century BCE.